What are the disadvantages of subroutines?

Subroutines can introduce additional overhead due to the need for context switching and passing parameters, potentially impacting performance, especially in time-sensitive applications. They may also complicate debugging and tracing, as errors can arise from interactions between various subroutines. Furthermore, excessive use of subroutines can lead to code that is harder to read and maintain, particularly if not well-documented. Lastly, if subroutines are poorly designed, they can create dependencies that make code less modular and reusable.