Signs of strangulation causing death

Possible signs of strangulation in cases of asyphyxia/brain hypoxia as a cause of death in humans include but are not limited to: * Bruising (ecchymosis or purpura) or redness (erythema) around the neck * Ligature marks * Damage to the Hyoid process (indeciive indication under age 30, rare) * Damage to the Cricoid Process * Damage to Thyroid process * Involuntary urination and defecation * Fingernail marks at or around the neck (not to be confused with defense wounds) * Chin abrasions * petechiae under the eyelids in the conjunctivae or above area of compression (uncommon, not conclusive by itself) * Subconjunctival hemorrhages (blood red eyes). * Subcutaneous emphysema resultant from a broken larynx * Internal hemorhrage at the neck. * Aspiration pneumonitis Note that visible injuries are only present in 25% of the cases.