What bones protects certain internal organs of the body?

The skeleton protects internal organs.

Head

The skull protects the brain.

Spine

The spinal vertebral bodies protect the spinal cord.

Chest

The clavicle on each side helps protect the neck, major arteries, the lungs, and helps give structure and support for the ribs.

The sternum down the front of the chest protects the heart.

The ribcage protects the heart, lungs, the diaphragm, the liver, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder, and to a lesser extent the kidneys.

Pelvis

The pelvic bone gives structure and with the spine and hip bones protects the ureters leading from the kidneys to the bladder and protects the bladder also. It protects arteries on both sides of the groin/upper thigh. In females, it protects the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.

Legs / arms

The thigh bone in part protects the femoral artery running from the groin to the popliteal artery behind the knee. The bone also gives structure for muscles, ligaments, etc. that allow movement, just like in the arms. The upper arm protects the brachial artery and radial artery.

The major arteries are vital for continued life.

The major organs include: the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, and to a lesser extent, the spleen. But if the spleen is injured, the person can bleed to death.