How does electromagnetism run doorbells electric motors and galvanometers?

Electromagnetism operates doorbells, electric motors, and galvanometers by utilizing the interaction between electric currents and magnetic fields. In doorbells, a current flows through a coil, generating a magnetic field that attracts a metal striker to produce sound. Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion by using magnetic fields to rotate a rotor. Galvanometers measure electric current by deflecting a needle in response to the magnetic field created by the current flowing through a coil, indicating the level of current.