What is gluten protein and how does it affect individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease?

Gluten is a type of protein found in wheat, barley, and rye. Individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease have adverse reactions when they consume gluten. In celiac disease, the immune system attacks the small intestine when gluten is ingested, leading to inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining. This can cause various symptoms such as digestive issues, fatigue, and nutrient deficiencies. In gluten sensitivity, individuals may experience similar symptoms but without the autoimmune response seen in celiac disease.