Why did the first attempt to set up a penal settlement at Risdon Cove failed?

The first attempt to establish a penal settlement at Risdon Cove in 1803 failed primarily due to poor planning and inadequate resources. The settlers faced challenges such as harsh environmental conditions, limited food supplies, and tensions with the local Indigenous population. Additionally, the settlement struggled with internal conflicts and lack of support from the British government, leading to its eventual abandonment. These factors combined rendered the colony unsustainable.