Which information system responds immediately to the need of physical system?

The information system that responds immediately to the needs of a physical system is known as a real-time system. These systems process data and provide outputs almost instantaneously, allowing for immediate decision-making and action in response to changing conditions. An example is an industrial automation system that monitors machinery and adjusts operations on-the-fly to optimize performance and prevent failures. Real-time systems are critical in applications where timing is essential, such as in air traffic control or medical monitoring.