What are harmful rays from arc welding?

Harmful rays from arc welding primarily include ultraviolet (UV) radiation, infrared (IR) radiation, and visible light. UV radiation can cause skin burns and eye damage, such as "welder's flash" or photokeratitis. IR radiation can lead to thermal burns and can also contribute to heat stress. Prolonged exposure to these rays necessitates protective gear, such as welding helmets and appropriate clothing, to safeguard one's health.