What creates can van Allen belts?

The Van Allen radiation belts are created by the interaction of the Earth's magnetic field with charged particles from the solar wind and cosmic rays. When these charged particles, primarily electrons and protons, are trapped by the Earth's magnetosphere, they spiral along magnetic field lines and accumulate in two distinct zones around the planet. The inner belt, which is predominantly composed of high-energy protons, and the outer belt, mainly consisting of electrons, are shaped and maintained by the dynamics of the Earth's magnetic field and solar activity.