To produce the F2 generation, an F1 generation hybrid from a specific cross (e.g., Aa x Aa) is self-fertilized or crossed with another F1 individual of the same genotype. This results in the F2 generation, which displays a variety of genotypes and phenotypes based on the segregation of alleles. The classic example is the monohybrid cross of Mendel's pea plants, where the F2 generation shows a phenotypic ratio of approximately 3:1 for dominant to recessive traits.
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