When materials enter the cell by passive or active transport these materials literally cross through the cell membrane can the same be said of materials that enter the cell by phagocytosis?

Yes, materials that enter the cell by phagocytosis also cross through the cell membrane, but in a different manner compared to passive or active transport. In phagocytosis, the cell membrane engulfs large particles or microorganisms, forming a vesicle that brings these materials into the cell. This process involves the membrane folding around the substance rather than allowing it to pass through like smaller molecules do in passive or active transport.