How was Timbuktu and its manuscripts preserved?

Timbuktu and its manuscripts were preserved primarily through the efforts of local scholars and the community, who recognized the cultural and historical significance of the texts. During periods of conflict, particularly the 2012 invasion by militant groups, many manuscripts were hidden in secret locations to protect them from destruction. Additionally, organizations and international institutions have worked to digitize and restore these manuscripts, ensuring their preservation for future generations. This collaborative effort has been crucial in safeguarding the rich intellectual heritage of Timbuktu.