The Roman Republic did not have a single chief executive officer like a modern president; instead, it was governed by two consuls who shared power and were elected annually. The consuls oversaw the executive functions of government, including military command, administration, and the enforcement of laws. In addition to consuls, other key offices included the praetors, who handled judicial matters, and the censors, responsible for census and public morality. Together, these leaders formed a complex system of checks and balances within the Republic.
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