Why did Raphael painted Madonna and child with book?

Raphael painted "Madonna and Child with Book" to depict the Virgin Mary as a nurturing and contemplative figure, emphasizing her role as both mother and teacher. By including the book, he suggests her wisdom and the importance of scripture in Christian life. The artwork reflects the Renaissance ideals of beauty, harmony, and the divine, showcasing Raphael's mastery in portraying emotion and grace. This piece also aligns with the broader theme of maternal devotion prevalent in religious art of the period.