Can we apply for the visa of another country from another country?

You apply for a visa to enter a country, from the Embassy or Consulate of the country you wish to enter.

Do not just turn up at the border and expecto be able to enter, without a visa. You will be refused entry.

NB A passport is just an Identity Document, that allows you to leave your home nation. To enter a foreign country you must obtain a visa.

NNB Some countries have amicable diplomatic relations and so allow people to enter without a visa. Other countries do not have this diplomatic courtesy, so you must check with their embassy/consulate.

NNNB there are different classes of visa. Tourist Visa, Work Visa, Residence Visa, Diplomatic Visa.

My advice ; Whatever, country your passport issued in, check with the embassy/consulate of the country you wish to enter, before travelling.