What is the math involved with archery?

You should mainly focus on the angles, speed, and pull back weight of your shot/arrow. Angles- what angle you arm is at. Speed- how fast the arrow should and will go. And the pull back weight can effect your shot if you aren't able to pull it back enough.

But the math involved is complicated, and involves computing speed, involving acceleration, deceleration, trajectory drop, etc... and requires a working knowledge of calculus and analytical geometry.

It is instructive to note this one axiom:

Even a compound bow has its drawbacks!