Can you sue for a dog bite without using a lawyer how can you get the homeowner to file a claim with the insurance company if they will not do it can a police officer make them?

You can sue without a lawyer. You have the right to represent yourself if you want to. Depending on the severity of the dog bite and your potential for winning - a lawyer may be willing to work with you for free until the settlement. Once you file a lawsuit, the homeowner would likely file a claim at that point.