In his opinion in Marbury v. Madison, John Marshall established three key principles: first, the Constitution is the supreme law of the land; second, it is the duty of the judiciary to interpret the law and ensure that no act of Congress or the executive branch can violate the Constitution; and third, the Supreme Court has the authority to review and nullify government actions that are found to be unconstitutional, thereby establishing the principle of judicial review. This case laid the foundation for the judiciary's role in maintaining the balance of power among the branches of government.
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