How are radioisotopes tracers?

Radioisotopes are used as tracers because they emit detectable radiation, allowing scientists to track their movement and behavior within biological or environmental systems. When introduced into a substance, their unique radioactive signatures enable researchers to monitor processes like metabolic pathways, chemical reactions, or the movement of pollutants. This tracking is facilitated by imaging techniques, such as PET scans or gamma cameras, which can visualize the distribution and concentration of the radioisotope. Their half-lives also allow for short-term observation while minimizing long-term radiation exposure.