What is electromagnetic induction and how is it used in a transformer?

Electromagnetic induction is the process by which a changing magnetic field generates an electric current in a conductor. In a transformer, this principle is utilized by having an alternating current flow through a primary coil, which creates a varying magnetic field. This magnetic field induces a voltage in a secondary coil, allowing for the transfer of electrical energy between the two coils and enabling voltage transformation. Transformers are essential in power distribution, allowing high voltages to be stepped down for safe use in homes and businesses.