Volcanoes can form a variety of geological features due to their eruptive processes. Key features include the central vent or crater, where magma escapes, and the cone-shaped structure built from layers of lava flows, ash, and tephra. Other formations include lava plateaus, volcanic domes, and calderas, which are large depressions formed after a massive eruption. Additionally, features like fumaroles and hot springs can emerge from volcanic activity as gases and heated water escape from the ground.
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