Why did they have crusades?

CAUSES

1) Turks took over Jerusalem which was holy to the Catholic Church

2) Pope Urban II wanted Christians to visit Jerusalem (pilgrimage)

3) Pope Urban II wanted to unite Europe which was fighting

among itself (common enemy unites people)

4) The Christian Byzantine Empire asked the pope to help stop the invasion of the Suljak Turks.

PHASES

1) Peter the Hermit - attacked early with his followers

2) First Crusade

- Pope Urban II won, but Turks attacked for 88 years

3) Second Crusade - Saladin (Turk) retook Jerusalem

- Richard the Lionhearted and Saladin agreed (treaty) that Europeans

could visit Jerusalem