How did migraines epilepsy insanity and head injuries get treated?

Historically, treatments for migraines, epilepsy, insanity, and head injuries varied widely and often included herbal remedies, bloodletting, and trepanation (drilling holes in the skull). In the 19th and early 20th centuries, as medical understanding advanced, treatments began to incorporate more structured approaches, including the use of sedatives and anticonvulsants for epilepsy and psychiatric conditions. For head injuries, rest and supportive care were emphasized, with surgery reserved for more severe cases. Today, these conditions are treated with a combination of medications, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, surgical interventions based on current medical guidelines.