Which arrangement of the sun and the moon and the earth results in the highest high tides and the lowest low tides on the earth?

The highest high tides and the lowest low tides occur during a spring tide, which happens when the sun, moon, and Earth are aligned in a straight line during the full moon and new moon phases. This alignment enhances the gravitational pull of the sun and moon on Earth's oceans, resulting in more extreme tidal variations. Conversely, during the first and third quarters of the moon, when the sun and moon are at right angles relative to Earth, the tides are less pronounced, resulting in neap tides.