Why is the amplitude of modulating signal kept less than the amplitude of carrier waves?

The amplitude of the modulating signal is kept less than that of the carrier wave to prevent distortion and ensure proper modulation. If the modulating signal's amplitude exceeds that of the carrier, it can lead to over-modulation, resulting in signal distortion and loss of information. This ratio helps maintain a clear and accurate transmission of the signal, allowing for effective demodulation at the receiver end. Additionally, it ensures that the carrier wave remains dominant, allowing for reliable communication.