What are secular ethical systems?

Secular ethical systems are frameworks for determining moral principles and values that do not rely on religious beliefs or doctrines. Instead, they draw from reason, human experience, and empirical evidence to guide ethical decision-making. Examples include utilitarianism, which focuses on the consequences of actions for overall happiness, and deontological ethics, which emphasizes duties and rules. These systems aim to provide a rational basis for morality that is accessible to people regardless of their religious affiliations.