What contribution did Galileo make that the Roman Catholic Church opposed?

Galileo Galilei's support for the heliocentric model, which posited that the Earth orbits the Sun, directly contradicted the geocentric view endorsed by the Roman Catholic Church at the time. His observations, such as the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus, provided evidence for this model, challenging the Church's teachings and authority. In 1616, the Church declared heliocentrism heretical, leading to Galileo's trial and house arrest in 1633 for advocating these revolutionary ideas.