In history, on July 27th 1945, the US Communist Party formed.
Some notable things that happened on July 27th were:
- 1054 - Siward, Earl of Northumbria invades Scotland and defeats Macbeth, King of Scotland somewhere north of the Firth of Forth.
- 1189 - Friedrich Barbarossa arrives at Niš, the capital of Serbian KingStefan Nemanja, during the Third Crusade.
- 1202 - Georgian-Seljuk wars: At the Battle of Basianthe Kingdom of Georgiadefeats the Sultanate of Rum.
- 1214 - Battle of Bouvines: Philip II of Francedecisively defeats Imperial, English and Flemish armies, effectively ending John of England's Angevin Empire.
- 1299 - According to Edward Gibbon, Osman Iinvades the territory of Nicomedia for the first time, usually considered to be the founding day of the Ottoman state.
- 1302 - Battle of Bapheus: Decisive Ottoman victory over the Byzantines opening up Bithynia for Turkish conquest.
- 1549 - The Jesuit priest Francis Xavier's ship reaches Japan.
- 1663 - The English Parliamentpasses the second Navigation Act requiring that all goods bound for the American colonieshave to be sent in English ships from English ports.
- 1689 - Glorious Revolution: The Battle of Killiecrankie ends.
- 1694 - A Royal charteris granted to the Bank of England.
- 1720 - The Battle of Grengammarks the second important victory of the Russian Navy.
- 1778 - American Revolution: First Battle of Ushant - British and French fleets fight to a standoff.
- 1789 - The first U.S. federal governmentagency, the Department of Foreign Affairs, is established (it will be later renamed Department of State).
- 1794 - French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre is arrested after encouraging the execution of more than 17,000 "enemies of the Revolution".
- 1862 - Sailing from San Francisco, California to Panama City, Panama, the SS Golden Gate catches fire and sinks off Manzanillo, Mexico, killing 231.
- 1865 - Welsh settlersarrive at Chubut in Argentina.
- 1866 - The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
- 1880 - Second Anglo-Afghan War: Battle of Maiwand - Afghan forces led by Mohammad Ayub Khandefeat the British Army in battle near Maiwand, Afghanistan.
- 1890 - Vincent van Goghshoots himself and dies two days later.
- 1900 - Kaiser Wilhelm II makes a speech comparing Germans to Huns; for years afterwards, "Hun" would be a disparaging name for Germans.
- 1914 - Felix Manaloregisters the Iglesia ni Cristowith the Philippinegovernment.
- 1917 - The Allies reach the Yser Canal at the Battle of Passchendaele.
- 1919 - The Chicago Race Rioterupts after a racial incident occurred on a South Side beach, leading to 38 fatalities and 537 injuries over a five-day period.
- 1921 - Researchers at the University of Toronto led by biochemist Frederick Bantingprove that the hormone insulin regulates blood sugar.
- 1928 - Tich Freemanbecomes the only bowler ever to take 200 first-classwickets before the end of July.
- 1929 - The Geneva Convention of 1929, dealing with treatment of prisoners-of-war, is signed by 53 nations.
- 1940 - The animated short A Wild Hare is released, introducing the character of Bugs Bunny.
- 1941 - Japanese troops occupy French Indochina.
- 1942 - World War II: Allied forces successfully haltthe final Axis advance into Egypt.
- 1949 - Initial flight of the de Havilland Comet, the first jet-powered airliner.
- 1953 - Fighting in the Korean War ends when the United States, China, and North Koreasign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
- 1955 - The Allied occupation of Austria stemming from World War II, ends.
- 1964 - Vietnam War: Five thousand more American military advisers are sent to South Vietnambringing the total number of United States forces in Vietnam to 21,000.
- 1974 - Watergate scandal: The House of Representatives Judiciary Committeevotes 27 to 11 to recommend the first article of impeachment(for obstruction of justice) against PresidentRichard Nixon.
- 1976 - Former Japanese prime minister Kakuei Tanaka is arrested on suspicion of violating foreign exchange and foreign trade laws in connection with the Lockheed bribery scandals.
- 1981 - British television: On Coronation Street, Ken Barlow marries Deirdre Langton, which proves to be a national event scoring massive viewer numbers for the show.
- 1981 - Adam Walsh, 6-year-old son of John Walsh, is kidnapped in Hollywood, Floridaand is found murdered two weeks later.
- 1983 - Black July: Eighteen Tamil political prisoners at the Welikada high security prison in Colombo are massacred by Sinhaleseprisoners, the second such massacre in two days.
- 1987 - RMS Titanic Inc.begins the first expedited salvage of wreckage of the RMS Titanic.
- 1990 - The Supreme Soviet of the Belarusian Soviet Republic declares independence of Belarus from the Soviet Union. Until 1996 the day is celebrated as the Independence Day of Belarus; after a referendum held that year the celebration of independenceis moved to June 3.
- 1990 - The Jamaat al Muslimeenattempt a coup d'état in Trinidad and Tobago, occupying the Trinidad and the studiOS of Trinidad and Tobago Television, holding Prime MinisterA. N. R. Robinsonand most of his Cabinet as well as the staff at the television station hostage for six days.
- 1995 - The Korean War Veterans Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C..
- 1996 - Centennial Olympic Park bombing: In Atlanta, United States, a pipe bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park during the 1996 Summer Olympics. One woman (Alice Hawthorne) is killed, and a cameraman suffers a heart attack fleeing the scene. One hundred eleven are injured.
- 1999 - Tony Hawk lands the first 900 on a skateboard (two-and-a-half complete revolutions) at the fifth annual X Games in San Francisco, California.
- 2005 - STS-114: NASA grounds the Space Shuttle, pending an investigation of the continuing problem with the shedding of foam insulation from the external fuel tank. During ascent, the external tank of the Space Shuttle Discovery sheds a piece of foam slightly smaller than the piece that caused the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster; this foam does not strike the spacecraft.
- 2006 - The Federal Republic of Germany is deemed guilty in the loss of Bashkirian 2937 and DHL Flight 611, because it is illegal to outsource flight surveillance.
- 2012 The opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics take place at the Olympic Stadium in London.
