What is the relationship between light and depth?

The relationship between light and depth is primarily characterized by the way light intensity diminishes as it penetrates deeper into a medium, such as water or the atmosphere. This phenomenon, known as light attenuation, occurs due to scattering and absorption, which cause light to lose its intensity with increasing depth. In aquatic environments, for example, this leads to varying light conditions that affect photosynthesis and the overall ecosystem. Consequently, deeper areas receive less light, influencing the types of organisms that can thrive at different depths.