Why does Edgar disguise himself as a fool?

Edgar disguises himself as a fool, adopting the name "Poor Tom," to protect himself from his father's wrath and the political turmoil surrounding him. By masquerading as a madman, he can move about freely and gather information without raising suspicion. This disguise allows him to maintain his safety while also highlighting the theme of appearance versus reality, as his true intelligence and noble nature are hidden beneath the guise of madness.