What was the first plane made out of?

Wood, canvas, fiberglass, carbon fiber, stainless steel, aluminum, steel, titanium alloy and even rubber have all been used as structural elements in aircraft.

Piston engines are typically made mostly from aluminum and steel by weight with smaller components made from other materials.

Jet engines are made from steel for shafts and bearings, titanium for fan blades, disks and low pressure compressor blades and extensive use of nickel superalloys for the combustor, seals and turbine components. Newer turbofans, like on large airliners, have composite fan blades and composite containment structures to contain engine components in the event of a rotating component failure.