What are long iron nails driven into the ties to secure the track?

Long iron nails driven into the ties to secure the track are commonly referred to as spikes. These spikes are essential for fastening the rails to the wooden or concrete ties, ensuring stability and alignment of the track. They help maintain the integrity of the railway structure, allowing trains to run safely and efficiently. Spikes are typically made of high-strength steel to withstand the forces exerted by passing trains.