What is causes and effect of illegal mining?

Illegal mining is driven by factors such as poverty, unemployment, and the high demand for minerals and resources. Its effects include environmental degradation, such as deforestation and soil erosion, as well as loss of biodiversity. Additionally, it often leads to social issues, including conflicts over land rights and exploitation of workers. Economically, while it can provide short-term income for individuals, it undermines formal mining operations and contributes to government revenue loss.