Managers facilitate work accomplishments by people in organizations.
Top managers concentrate on long-term concerns; middle managers help coordinate activities across the organization; team leaders and supervisors focus on group or work-unit objectives.
Functional managers work in one business area, such as marketing or finance; general managers are responsible for multiple functions; administrators are managers in non-profit organizations.
The manager's challenge is to fulfill a performance accountability while being dependent upon team members or subordinates to do the required work.
Managers must respect the quality of work life (QWL) and value diversity in supporting the work efforts and experiences of others.
The focus of managerial work is increasingly on "coaching" and "supporting" others rather than simply "directing" and "order-giving."
