The disputes between the king of France and the pope were particularly prominent during the 14th century, notably during the Avignon Papacy (1309-1377) when seven consecutive popes resided in Avignon rather than Rome. The conflict culminated in the early 1300s with King Philip IV of France challenging Pope Boniface VIII, leading to the infamous conflict over church authority and taxation. This tension marked a significant period of struggle between secular and papal power in medieval Europe.
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