How do you know if the graph is a shrink or stretch?

To determine if a graph represents a shrink or a stretch, examine the coefficient of the function. If a vertical stretch occurs, the coefficient (a) is greater than 1, making the graph taller. Conversely, if 0 < a < 1, it indicates a vertical shrink, causing the graph to appear shorter. For horizontal transformations, a coefficient greater than 1 in the argument of the function indicates a horizontal shrink, while a coefficient between 0 and 1 indicates a horizontal stretch.