What state caused a national crisis in 1849-1850?

The state that caused a national crisis in 1849-1850 was California. The discovery of gold in 1848 led to a massive influx of settlers, resulting in California's rapid application for statehood in 1850. This created tensions over the issue of slavery, as California was proposed to be a free state, challenging the balance between free and slave states established by the Missouri Compromise. The crisis ultimately contributed to the Compromise of 1850, which aimed to address the escalating sectional conflicts.