What is the purpose of the outer ward in a concentric castle?

The outer ward of a concentric castle serves as the first line of defense against attackers. It typically contains defensive structures such as walls, towers, and gates, providing a buffer zone that helps protect the inner ward and the keep. This area also often housed soldiers, supplies, and essential facilities, ensuring that the castle could withstand prolonged sieges. Additionally, the outer ward facilitated movement and organization during both defensive and offensive operations.