Which group fominated the economic and political lives of town during the middle ages?

During the Middle Ages, the economic and political lives of towns were predominantly dominated by the merchant class and guilds. Merchants played a crucial role in trade and commerce, establishing networks that facilitated economic growth. Additionally, various craft guilds regulated trades, maintained quality standards, and provided training for apprentices, thus influencing local governance and social structures. This combination of commerce and organized labor gave rise to a more structured and influential urban community.