What characteristics in a star can be found using a spectral analysis?

Spectral analysis of a star allows astronomers to determine several key characteristics, including its temperature, composition, and density. By examining the absorption and emission lines in a star's spectrum, scientists can identify the elements present in the star's atmosphere and their relative abundances. Additionally, the Doppler effect observed in the spectral lines can reveal the star's velocity and movement, including if it is approaching or receding from Earth. This analysis provides crucial insights into the star's physical properties and evolutionary stage.