The Olmec, often regarded as the first major civilization in Mesoamerica, are best known for their monumental stone carvings, particularly the colossal heads that depict human faces, likely representing rulers or important figures. They are also credited with significant cultural advancements, including early forms of writing and a complex calendar system. Additionally, the Olmec laid the groundwork for subsequent Mesoamerican cultures, influencing art, religion, and social organization. Their civilization thrived from around 1200 to 400 BCE in the Gulf Coast region of modern-day Mexico.
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