The index organism of pasteurization is typically Mycobacterium bovis, which is a causative agent of tuberculosis in cattle and can be transmitted to humans through unpasteurized milk. The effectiveness of pasteurization is often measured by its ability to eliminate this organism, ensuring the safety of dairy products. Other heat-resistant pathogens, such as certain strains of Listeria monocytogenes and Coxiella burnetii, are also considered in evaluating pasteurization processes.
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