How do camera shutters work to control the exposure of light in photography?

Camera shutters work by opening and closing quickly to control the amount of light that reaches the camera's sensor or film. When the shutter opens, light enters the camera and exposes the sensor or film. The longer the shutter is open, the more light is allowed in, resulting in a brighter image. Conversely, a shorter shutter speed lets in less light, creating a darker image. By adjusting the shutter speed, photographers can control the exposure of light in their photographs.