Can vitamin D alone explain the current world distribution of skin color?

Vitamin D plays a role in skin color adaptation, as populations in regions with lower UV radiation evolved to have lighter skin to enhance vitamin D synthesis. However, skin color is influenced by multiple factors, including genetics, evolutionary history, and environmental conditions beyond UV exposure. Therefore, while vitamin D is a significant factor, it cannot alone explain the complex distribution of skin color observed worldwide. Other selective pressures, such as protection against UV radiation and cultural practices, also contribute to this diversity.