What are the key differences in functionality and performance between a macro lens and a normal lens?

A macro lens is designed for close-up Photography, allowing you to focus on small details with high magnification and sharpness. It has a shorter minimum focusing distance and higher magnification capabilities compared to a normal lens. This results in detailed and crisp images of small subjects like insects or flowers. On the other hand, a normal lens is more versatile for general photography, offering a wider field of view and better performance in capturing everyday scenes.