How are pacemaker batteries sealed?

Pacemaker batteries are typically sealed using a hermetic sealing process to ensure they remain airtight and moisture-proof, which is essential for their longevity and functionality. This is often achieved through methods like laser welding or glass-to-metal sealing, which prevents any contaminants from entering the battery casing. The materials used for the casing, usually titanium or stainless steel, provide additional protection against corrosion and physical damage. Proper sealing is crucial to maintain the integrity of the battery and ensure reliable operation over its lifespan.