What role do plankton play in lakes and ponds?

Plankton play a vital role in lakes and ponds as primary producers and a key component of the aquatic food web. Phytoplankton, the photosynthetic variety, generate oxygen and serve as a fundamental food source for zooplankton and other aquatic organisms. Zooplankton, in turn, feed on phytoplankton and are prey for larger species, helping to transfer energy through the ecosystem. Additionally, plankton contribute to nutrient cycling and water clarity, influencing overall ecosystem health.