How does a tilt shift lens work to create the unique miniature effect in photographs?

A tilt-shift lens works by allowing the photographer to control the angle of the lens relative to the camera sensor. This manipulation of the lens creates a selective focus effect, where only a specific portion of the image is in sharp focus while the rest appears blurred. This technique simulates a shallow depth of field, similar to what you might see in macro Photography, giving the illusion that the scene is a miniature model.