Why don't they include the value of the stocks and bonds bought and sold?

The value of stocks and bonds bought and sold is often not included in certain financial reports or metrics because these transactions can fluctuate significantly and may not accurately reflect the overall financial health of a company. Additionally, focusing on net income or cash flow provides a clearer picture of operational performance, while the gains or losses from these investments are considered non-operating items. This approach helps stakeholders assess the core business functions without the volatility introduced by market investments.