Why lichens do not need to compete with many other species?

Lichens are symbiotic organisms formed from the association of fungi and photosynthetic partners, typically algae or cyanobacteria. This unique partnership allows them to thrive in harsh environments where few other organisms can survive, such as rocky surfaces and extreme climates. Their ability to utilize sunlight for energy and absorb nutrients from the air and substrate means they can occupy ecological niches that are often uninhabitable for many other species, reducing competition. Additionally, their slow growth rates and resilience enable them to persist in these challenging conditions without facing significant competition.